Top 15 Best Programming languages for Web development in 2023
If looking for the best programming language for web development To start a new business or job, you need to know about Web Technology. Today in 2023 Web Technology has completely revolutionized the business industry and the lives of common people.
Today 21st-century, web development remains one of the most sought-after skills and the opportunity for web development is growing day by day.
To begin a career in this field, It is necessary to master in that Programming Languages which is the best programming language for Web development. There are about 700 programming languages are available for web development so you may get confused about choosing which languages to learn for Web development, especially if you are a beginner.
This article's main motive is to introduce the 16 best programming languages for web development in 2022 and our team has researched and provided a list of the 16 best programming languages for web development in 2022 that helps you to choose the best programming language for web development in 2022.
What is a Programming Language
Any language is, in general, a means of communication. Programming language is a computer language, which is used for communicating with computers and giving them the instruction that you want. It is a set of instructions (or code) that’s written to perform specific actions.
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Through the programming language, developers are giving the computer instructions in a way the machines can understand and follow. All programming languages have their own syntax and rules that must be followed to execute the codes without errors.
Types of Programming Languages
Each programming language is different in its conception, structure, and syntax. On an abstraction position, we can classify the programming languages into three types – low-level language, middle-level language, and high-level language.
1. Low-level language
In a programming language, low-level language is machine-dependent language. As a result, computers can interpret it quite fast, but it is the most difficult for humans to read and understand. An advantage of low-level language is that the processors do not require compilers to run low-level programs, so the run time is fast. low-level language is also divided into two types Machine-level language and Assembly level language.
- Machine level language: Machine language is an initial-generation programming language and is represented in hexadecimal or binary format. Also called machine code(Machine language), it does not need a translator to convert the code and can directly be executed. This makes the execution comparatively fast and enhances productivity.
- Assembly level language: Assembly level language is a 2nd-generation programming language and the instructions are symbolic, readable, and understandable for humans. An assembler is needed to convert the assembly-level codes into machine codes. Less memory and reduced execution time are the advantages of assembly-level language.
2. High-level language
A high-level language is a machine-independent(MI) language. These are closer to human languages and use words, making it easier and faster for developers to write programs. Although the high-level language is easier to read, write, understand and maintain, it needed a compiler to convert the codes into machine language. High-level languages are dived into 3 types Procedural-oriented programming (POP) language, Object-oriented programming (OOP) language, and Natural language.
- Procedural-oriented programming (POP) language: POP language is based on the concept of the procedure call. It is derived from structured programming. In POP language, a program is divided into procedures called routines/functions. This allows for a code to be reused in different parts.
- Object-oriented programming (OOP) language: OOP language is based on objects, that is, the programs are divided into many parts called objects. A significant feature of OOP language is its implementation of real-world concepts like polymorphism, inheritance, etc. OOP codes are easier to use, execute, modify, and debug. They are also fast and efficient.
- Natural language: Machines use natural language to understand and interpret human language. It is used to execute tasks like translation, named entity recognition, automatic summarization, etc.
3. Middle-level language
As evident from the name, middle-level programming language or in-between programming language stands between low-level and high-level programming languages. It is a user-friendly language that supports high-level programming but at the same time remains close to machine-level language.
16 Best Programming languages for Web Development in 2022 - 2023
Here is the list of 16 best programming languages for web development in 2o22
- HTML
- CSS
- JavaScript
- Python
- Java
- Objective C
- Typescript
- C++
- SQL
- PHP
- C#
- Ruby Rails
- Angular
- Golang
- Scala
- VueJS
1. HTML [HyperText Markup Language]
HTML is the standard markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser and it is the basic foundation of web development that every developer wants to be familiar with it. in 2020 HTML is the 2nd most-used programming language for web development. according to a big survey conducted by Stack Overflow. Although it is not a full-fledged programming language, it is the standard language used to create web pages.
Features
- It is very easy to learn and very easy to use.
- It is platform-independent.
- Images, videos, and audio can be added to a web page.
- Hypertext can be added to the text.
- It is a markup language.
- HTML provides the structure for the web pages and is responsible for the proper formatting of text and images.
- It allows the use of templates so designing a webpage can be done easily.
- It is lightweight and fast.
Advantages of HTML
- Quite easy to learn and implement.
- Supported by every browser.
- Free and accessible.
Disadvantage of HTML
- Static language, so not possible to create dynamic pages.
- Many times developers are confused when they start writing.
- Need to write a lot of code for developing a simple web page.
2. CSS
Cascading Style Sheets known as CSS, are the basic Programming language for web development and every developer must know this programming language for web development. CSS is often used with HTML to govern the style of a webpage. The combination of HyperText Markup Language and CSS is called the mother of all programming languages. the design part like color, size, and position of all elements in a web page is determined by CSS.
Features of CSS
- It has a cascading style, meaning throughout a webpage, an applied style will cascade down from parent to child.
- It supports responsive web design.
- CSS upholds consistency due to its cascading nature.
Advantages of CSS
- It is simple and user-friendly.
- Improves page loading speed and enhances user engagement.
- Simplifies customization of all web pages.
- very easy to understand and write the program.
- very less code to write.
Disadvantages of CSS
- Many time code execution show errors.
- Possibility of cross-browser issues.
- Confusion due to multiple levels like CSS, CSS2, and CSS3.
3. JavaScript
According to Stack Overflow’s 2020 Developer Survey records JavaScript is one of the most commonly used programming languages for web development in the world. there are more than 30 million active users of this language and One of the reasons for its popularity is that it can be used for both frontend and backend web development.
It is used to add behavior and user interactivity to web pages and also includes several libraries and several frameworks. JavaScript is one of the favorite choices of developers to create dynamic web elements like clickable buttons or animated graphics.
- It is a lightweight programming language.
- The syntax is simple and easy to learn.
- Besides web development, it can be used for developing mobile apps, games, and web servers.
- JavaScript is very fast.
- Easy to integrate with other languages.
- It is simple and versatile.
- No multiple inheritance support.
- Less secure compared to other languages.
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4. Python
Python is an open-source language that is easy to learn and use, Python is one of the most famous and most used languages used for web development. For beginners as well as experienced programmers, Python is the best choice. It is used for backend development, web app development, and automation. It has a huge collection of standard libraries, which makes programming using Python easier for developers.
Features of Python
- It has dynamic typing capabilities which makes it easy for developers to create complex websites that need constant content changes.
- It is an efficient backend web development language and integrates with other programming languages like C, C#, and Java.
- It can be associated with popular web development frameworks like Django and Flask to create web-based applications.
Advantages of Python
- OOP characteristics simplify programming.
- Extensively scalable.
- Emphasizes code readability.
Disadvantages of Python
- Interpreted programming language, hence slow.
- Not suitable for developing mobile applications.
5. Java
Java is an object-oriented and general-purpose programming language that is used on several platforms, but the most important part of the programming language is its code does not need recompilation to run on any platform.
In 2020 a survey report says that Java is the most used and most popular language and also Now 2022 it was a popular and most helpful programming language used by over 9 million programmers.
- Java supports multithreading so multiple threads can be executed concurrently implying maximum CPU utilization.
- It supports vertical and horizontal scaling with only slight code changes.
- It can handle massive amounts of data and is highly secure.
Advantages of java
- Easy to learn, write, and debug
- It is portable
- It is robust and versatile
Disadvantages of java
- It consumes more memory
- Slow compared to languages like C or C++
6. Objective C
The Forerunner of Swift, This app Programming Language Was Built as an Extension of the Object-oriented Programming Language C, With the Same Properties and values. Developed in 1984, it Is One of the Most Helpful Programming Languages at That Time but Nowadays It Is a General-purpose Programming Language Still Compatible With Mac OS, and iOS and Was the Primary iOS Coding Language Before Swift Came Around.
It Is Always a comment Comparison Between Swift and Objective-c in the Terms of Readability, Coating, Execution Time, and So on.
Features of Objective-C
- Supports dynamic typing and therefore has excellent flexibility
- Used with Cocoa or Cocoa Touch framework
- Supports dynamic memory allocation
Advantages of Objective-C
- Super easy to learn
- Fast, powerful, and flexible
- Can perform complex calculations
Disadvantages of Objective-C
- Error detection is difficult
- Does not support OOP concepts
7. Typescript
Typescript is one of the most commonly used programming languages that used in web development. it is an open-source programming language and one of the most wanted programming languages for web development according to GitHub.
It is most similar to JavaScript in syntax and semantics and is often called JavaScript++. Being more powerful than JavaScript, Typescript supports the development of enterprise-level applications with large codebases.
Features of Typescript
- Has several inbuilt debugging tools that make development simple
- It is a type-safe language, hence type-related errors are reduced
- Supported by Visual Studio Code, Microsoft’s free code editor.
Advantages of Typescript
- Cross-platform and cross-browser compatibility
- Supports OOP concepts
- Increased code readability
Disadvantages of Typescript
- Typescript code needs to be transpiled to Javascript code before running
- Requires additional learning over Javascript
8. C++
C++ is created as the extinction of Objective C, C++ is a middle-level programming language that was developed in 1980. It is a simple language and is quite useful and easy for beginners to handle. In addition to what Objective C offers, C++ supports features like object-oriented programming, exception handling, and type checking.
Features of C++
- Supports OOP concepts like abstraction, inheritance, and encapsulation.
- Has a robust standard library
- Quick and efficient compiling mechanism
Advantages of C++
- Simple and portable
- Highly scalable
- Large community support
Disadvantages of C++
- No automatic garbage collection
- Complexities associated with pointers
9. SQL
Structured Query Language (SQL) is the most preferred and standard programming language that is used to manage relational databases and perform various operations on the data in them.
Initially created in the 1970s, SQL is regularly used not only by database administrators but also by developers writing data integration scripts and data analysts looking to set up and run analytical queries.
Nowadays SQL is listed in 3rd position in the list of most used programming languages by Stack Overflow, with more than 50% of developers using SQL for programming.
Features of SQL
- It is used to create, read, update and delete records in databases.
- It is widely used in business intelligence tools.
- SQL has a simple syntax.
Advantages of SQL
- It is easily accessible.
- It is highly functional.
- It is portable.
Disadvantages of SQL
- It works well only with small databases.
- Scaling is expensive and time-consuming.
10. PHP
I may get a lot of flaks for PHP in this list of best programming languages for web development in 2022 but to be honest, PHP is one of the popular programming languages when it comes to creating web applications.
It’s a dynamic, server-side scripting language that makes it really very easy to create fully functional web applications. If that’s not enough, half of the internet is running on PHP’s shoulder, remember WordPress, the most popular web application software is made on PHP.
PHP also has frameworks like Laraval, which is both powerful and allows you to swiftly create web applications using a model–view–controller architectural pattern.
Features of PHP
- It is supported by many third-party extensions like .NET, MySQL, and Apache.
- It can output images, PDF, text, animations, and HTML.
- It is compatible with cloud services.
Advantages of PHP
- Easy to learn and use.
- Can be used on all major operating systems.
- Has great community support.
Disadvantages of PHP
- Error handling features are not excellent.
- Development using PHP only can be slow.
11. C#
Like C++, C# is a general-purpose, object-oriented programming language built on the foundations of C. It was originally designed by the Microsoft Corporation as part of its .NET framework for building Windows applications in a secure way.
C# uses a syntax that’s most similar to other C-derived languages such as C++, so it’s become very easy to pick up if you’re coming from another language in the C family. C# is not only the go-to for the Microsoft app development, but it’s also the language mobile developers use to build cross-platform apps on the Xamarin platform.
C# can be used not just on Windows, but also on Android, Linux, and iOS platforms-making it one of the best website coding languages in 2022.
Features of C#
- It has a strong memory backup facility and avoids memory leaks
- It is equipped with a rich set of libraries enabling faster development
- It is the only language used by Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF)
Advantages of C#
- Ideal for all types of web development
- Complete integration with .NET library
- Compilation and execution is fast
Disadvantages of C#
- Difficult to handle multi-thread applications
- Less flexible
12. Ruby Rails
Ruby is a most famous backend web development language that supports functional, procedural, and object-oriented programming. It is one of the most preferred languages for beginners to learn. Merge with the Ruby on Rails framework, the language is used for web development extensively.
In 2022 Ruby is the most popular and user-friendly language for all developers in the field of Web development.
features of Ruby Rails
- It supports various Graphical User Interface (GUI) tools
- Favors all major platforms like Windows, Mac, and Linux
- Has prominent features like automatic garbage collection, centralized package management, custom dispatch behavior, etc.
Advantages of Ruby Rails
- Has many helpful tools and libraries
- Large and active community support
- Has strong adherence to web standards
Disadvantages of Ruby Rails
- Codes written in Ruby are difficult to debug
- It is comparatively slow
13. Angular
In the field of web development, Angular is one of the most used front-end languages that have MVC architecture and allows dynamic modeling. It is an important programming language that supports the development of complicated applications. For UI development, Angular makes use of HTML, so it is easy to understand.
Simply we can say that Angular is an improved and updated version of the earlier AngularJS framework built by Google.
Features of Angular
- Its Model-View-Control (MVC) architecture allows dynamic modeling.
- It makes use of the HTML programming language to develop UIs, making them easy and simple to understand
- Angular offers better functionality with HTML using directives.
- Angular Filters help in filtering data before reaching the view.
- In Angular, you can use templates that make it easier to build the required framework quicker.
- Using Angular Filters, data is filtered before reaching the view.
Advantages of Angular
- Minimum coding is required.
- Supports two-way data binding.
- Better functionality and improved performance.
Disadvantages of Angular
- Steep learning curve.
- Need to enable JavaScript support in a system for proper functioning.
14. Golang
Golang is one of the core languages recommended by Google, Golang is the little language that could. Considered As a low-level language, Golang is perfect for engineers who want to enter the field of systems programming.
It encloses much of the same functionality of C and C++ without the difficult syntax and steep learning curve. It’s the ideal language for building web servers, and even machine-learning packages.
Features of Golang
- It is equipped with inbuilt testing tools
- Supports multithreading and can execute several processes concurrently
- It has excellent memory safety features like garbage collection for automatic memory management
- Quite easy to learn
- Has a powerful standard library
- Offers high performance
Disadvantages of Golang
- Inefficient error handling capabilities
- Lack of flexibility
15. Scala
If you’re friendly with Java—a classic programming language in its own right, it’s worth checking out its modern similar language, Scala. Scala combines the best features of Java (such as its Object-Oriented Structure and its lightning-fast JVM runtime environment) with a modern twist.
Scala is used by 2.6 million users and its some awesome features make it one of the ideal frameworks.
Features of Scala
- Supports concurrent programming and execution of procedures in parallel
- Has great IDE support
- Highly functional programming with better code quality
Advantages of Scala
- Quite easy to learn
- Offers high performance
- Has a powerful standard library
Disadvantages of Scala
- Inefficient error handling capabilities
- Lack of flexibility
16. VueJS
VueJS is a very simple, clear, open-source, user-friendly, and easy-to-use frontend development language that allows developers to design well-structured and engaging web pages and applications.
It is designed to simplify and also organize the development of several web elements, making it extremely adaptable. Besides, it provides quick and reliable solutions for both small and medium-sized enterprises because of its cost-effectiveness and quality, along with its popularity among developers.
Features of VueJS
- It uses Virtual DOM to make necessary changes.
- Its data binding feature allows developers to assign or manipulate HTML attributes’ values, assign classes, and change style.
- The components of VueJS help in creating customized elements that are reusable.
- Its built-in component for transition offers multiple methods to implement transition in HTML elements after they are edited in DOM.
Advantages of Vuejs
- It does not take up too much space in the system due to its small size of 18 KB.
- Developers who have basic knowledge of JavaScript frameworks can easily learn Vue because of its clarity and simplicity.
- Vue consists of detailed and extremely extensive documentation, making it easy and quick to learn.
- It allows developers to reuse any code easily.
Disadvantages of Vuejs
- Since it is new, it is not as popular as other frameworks of JavaScript like Angular or React.
- In the case of big projects, its flexibility might not come in handy.
- Use cases of Vue JS: Interactive web applications
What is the best programming language for web development [For Beginners]?
Above all languages are very important for web development. If you are a beginner in this field I prefer HTML, CSS, and JavaScript are the best languages for beginners because these languages are very easy to write and very easy to understand so if you are a beginner in the web development field then the HTML, CSS, Javascript are the best language for web development.
3 Tips to Find the Best Web Development Languages to Learn
1. What are your goals?
What's your reason behind learning programming languages? Do you want to learn because you enjoy rendering or are you preparing for a career? If your objects are non-career related, you can choose any! If preparing for a career, you need to be more unequivocal and ask yourself what exactly you want to do.
Suppose whether you want to get into frontal-end development or backend development. Do you want to make mobile apps? Are you interested in data visualization, robotization, or anything particular? Is IoT your area of interest? Whatever it is, be specific about your pretensions and choose what’s applicable for the same.
2. What is the learning curve?
if you have a lot of desire to learn web development languages then you can do many courses from many places. but If you are a beginner in the programming world, we suggest you get started with simple languages like HTML, Python, C++, or Java. Once you learn these, you will get a strong base on which you can develop your skills further.
